In arid regions affected by seasonal and violentrainfal1s. For effective design of river training works, following useful details are to be collected. Groynes or spurs groynes or spurs are constructed transverse to the river flow extending from the bank into the river. People have intervened in the natural course and behaviour of rivers since before recorded historyto manage the water resources, to protect against flooding, or to make passage along or across rivers e. May 17, 2017 river training includes all such measures as are taken for controlling and regulating river flow and river configuration. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of adbs board of directors, management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. A river engineer concerned with design of bridges and barrages and river trainingimprovement works usually studies the past history of the river and its morphological changes over a much shorter period, generally about 100 years or so, depending on the length of life of the structures. Pdf ghezelozan river is one of the longest 670 km and largest rivers of. Training or entrance training refers to coastal structures built to constrain a river discharging across a littoral coast so that it discharges only where desired. In geography, a spur is a piece of land jutting into a river or stream or a ridge descending from mountains into a valley. River improvement should be planned with nondiked river if possible to have ef ficient drainage conveyance.
Member river management central water commission ex. The river training structure takes the place of the dredge and moves this continuous supply of sand out of the channel by using the rivers own energy. Pdf river training and ecological enhancement potential using. To achieve safe and expeditious passage of flow through. Falls can be utilized for power generation disadvantages. River training and development introduction o the structure constructed for the purpose of guiding and taming the flow are called river training works.
River training and bank protection works practised in. Read this article to learn about the most important types of river training works, i. The necessity of guide bunds is in confining and guiding the river flow through the structure without causing damage to it and. Spurs and pitched islands are normally used for training the river for sediment. Spurs are formed from erosion over time and frequently divide tributaries or valleys. The floods may be prevented from submerging the country by.
Training the river along a desired course by attracting, deflecting or repelling and holding the flow in a channel. Dyke or levee groyne spurs guide bank bank pitching slide 3. River training works guide banks, marginal bunds, groynes or. Any work constructed in order to contain the rivers in their specified path of flow. Objective and purpose of river training protection of bed and banks of river from erosion. Out of all these component parts river training works include lot of other elements also. Early efforts date back to 1671, from just before the period of the francodutch war 16721678. The measures to achieve adequate depth of flow in a river for navigation also known as tow water training or training for depth include dredging the shallow reaches of rivers and using spurs to contract the river channel and, thus, increase its depth. River training works river training works are required near the weir site in order to ensure a smooth and an axial flow of water, and thus, to prevent the river from outflanking the works due to a change in its course. Embankment a dike or similar feature extending above high water level to contain or exclude water. Design procedures for gabion and mattress structures l. River training works river training in its wider aspects covers all those engineering works, which are constructed on river so as to guide and confine the flow to the river channel and to control and regulate the river bed configuration ensuring safe and effective disposal of floods and sediment loads. We offer variety of beautifully designed as well as durable training spurs for every budget. River engineering is the process of planned human intervention in the course, characteristics, or flow of a river with the intention of producing some defined benefit.
Spacing of spur length of spur for maximum length of bank protection, is near about 5. Following is the list of component parts of a diversion head works. Modification of rivers dates from the earliest days of human settlement on the floodplains of the nile, indus, and mesopotamian river systems and has increased throughout history with the reclamation of the valleys of most great rivers. Revetment erosion protection placed directly on a river bank or exposed slope. Jul 22, 2012 the structure constructed for the purpose of guiding and taming the flow are called river training works. Member river management central water commission exofficio. Macra 1 the macra1bank protection software, which uses a windows type structure, provides engineers with a rapid and efficient tool with. Top 7 types of river training works your article library. Classification of rivers the rivers on alluvial soils may be classified into three types. Spur dikes have been used extensively in all parts of the world as river training structures to enhance navigation, improve flood control, and protect erodible banks.
To prevent erosion of the river banks protective works. Shop the best selection of everyday and show western spurs at. River training works any work constructed in order to contain the rivers in their specified path of flow. Bank protection techniques using spur dikes introduction l 1. It includes guide banks, marginal bunds, spurs etc. Paper 31 optimizing design of river training works using 3. Jun 26, 2015 these works are called river training works. Guide banks afflux bund embankments spurs artificial cutoffs pitched islands river training without embankments.
This handbook by central water commission aims to provide necessary guidance to the field engineers in the state and central for design, appraisal, construction and monitoring of the flood management works covering all the relevant bis codes, design manuals, guidelines, technical specifications for construction materials and practices etc. Construction of structures such as headworks or bridges requires that river in the vicinity of these structures flows between the abutments of these structures. A spur dike can be defined as an elongated obstruction having one end on the bank of a stream and the. Involuntary resettlement assessment and measures the resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. This form of river training works perform one or more functions such as training the river along the desired course to reduce the concentration of flow at the point of attack, creating a slack flow for silting up the area in. Filters prevent soil erosion beneath the armoring material, prevent migration of fine soil particles through. All local kickoff times and channel information for when spurs are on tv in your country. River training works guide banks, marginal bunds, groynes. In those times, the river rhine was an important part of the dutch defense waterline, but the river was not functioning as desired due to relatively low river flows. River training works for padma multipurpose bridge, bangladesh. A river can also be trained by diverting its flow into a secondary channel or by executing artificial cutoffs on the main river so as to cause reduction in flood levels. River training works the necessity and suitability of river training works should be carefully assessed. Groynes spurs are structures constructed transverse to the river flow and extend from the bank into the river. This handbook containing details of construction materials, guidelines for design embankment, bank revetment, spurs groynes, rcc.
River training works revetments, guide banks, spur dikes. Groynes or spurs it is constructed transverse to the river flow. Any work constructed across the river channel interferes with the natural regime condition of the river. These are widely used for river training and bank protection. To prevent additional area to be submerged due to afflux. River structural works and operation river training works by. River training works river levee free 30day trial scribd.
This handbook containing details of construction materials, guidelines for design embankment, bank revetment, spursgroynes, rcc porcupines, drainage. River training and bank protection works practised in bangladesh. Design procedures for gabion and mattress structures. This paper presents the principles for river training and management. These are widely used for the purpose of river training and serve one or more of the following functions. This standard was first published in 1976 under the title criteria for river traming works for barrages. For spurs used to protect embankiients, improve river alignment, and so forthr or for a highway crossing or encroachnent, knowledge of the plan and profile of a stream is useful in understanding strearn morphology.
Dyke or levee a levee or dyke or marginal bund is an embankment running parallel to the river and is constructed to protect one side of it from flooding. Also discussed various river training works in short. To ensure safety of the region through which the river flows and to make the river water available at all times for various purposes, including irrigation, it becomes essential either to control the river or to give proper training to the flow of water in the river channel. Types of spurs include interlocking spurs and truncated spurs. Obviously when a permanent canal system is takenoff from the river some works are to be provided at the offtake to take care of irregularities. Pdf twenty years river training works in ghezelowzan river in. The following types of river training works are generally adopted. Untrained entrances on sandy coasts tend to move widely and violently to discharge into the ocean, often upsetting those enjoying land nearby. Afflux bunds, approach embankments, groynes,spurs, etc. In this video i have discussed the basic concept and necessity of river training works. Jul 24, 2017 in this video i have discussed the basic concept and necessity of river training works. Spur dikes or groynes are structures constructed projecting from a bank to protect the bank from erosion.
From his study it was concluded that, the optimum ratio. The river training works required on a canal headwork are. River training and riverbank protection works nptel. Guide bunds for restricting the flow path of river waterway.
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